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Unlocking the Power of Aluminium Die Casting: Innovation, Sustainability, and Quality for Modern Manufacturing.

The 2024 Fraser of Allander Institute (Strathclyde University) report states that:

“The UK aluminium industry plays a pivotal role in the nation’s manufacturing sector and broader economy. As the UK shifts towards a more sustainable and circular economy, the strategic value of aluminium is expected to grow, owing to its diverse applications and recyclability.”

The report also finds that:

  • The wider aluminium industry supports the employment of 108,000 FTE jobs across the UK and the contribution of £9.4 billion in GVA to the UK economy.
  • The aluminium production sector supports the employment of 16,500 FTE jobs across the UK and the contribution of £1.9 billion in GVA to the UK economy
  • The aluminium production sector has seen an 88% reduction in GHG emissions since 2005 and an 8% reduction since 2015

Within the wider aluminium industry aluminium die casting is a popular manufacturing process involving the pouring or injection of molten aluminium into a mould cavity to produce a strong but light high quality metal component or product.

In the UK, industries for example serving the automotive and aerospace sectors, along with consumer goods, rely on aluminium castings including high pressure casting to produce complex forms with tolerances as low as +/- .05mm.  

What is Aluminium Die Casting?

Aluminium die casting is a manufacturing process wherein molten aluminium alloys are poured or injected under pressure into a mould. For high pressure aluminium casting the mould is made from special steels such as H13, a chromium, molybdenum, vanadium “hot work” tool steel characterized by high hardenability and excellent toughness. The hardness of H13 resists thermal fatigue cracking which occurs as a result of cyclic heating and cooling cycles as aluminium is injected under pressure into the mould. Aluminium and aluminium/zinc alloys are injected at temperatures of 500-750 degrees centigrade and modern high-pressure die casting machines can now operate at pressures up to 100MPa/14500psi with locking forces of 2000 tonnes.

Tool steel moulds have relatively long lives (50-100,000 castings) and should be seen as being in the nature of capital investment for the production of aluminium die cast components or products having good mechanical properties with light weight and good resistance to corrosion. Aluminium/zinc alloys can produce castings with mechanical properties such as tensile and yield strengths close to those of mild steel whilst being easily castable. For specific applications Hallam can develop alloys with special mechanical properties or characteristics (e.g. ductility) and supply in volume.    

Applications of Aluminium Die Casting

The scope for the application of aluminium die casting is immense and components cast from aluminium alloys are supplied to a broad range of manufacturing sectors.  Hallam’s own portfolio of components and products ranges from automotive components, including electric motor housings for EMVs, to lighting system housings, components for medical equipment, and portlights for ocean-going yachts.  

The automotive sector alone requires large volumes of die-cast aluminium engine blocks, transmission casings, wheels, heat exchangers and other vital components. The lightweight properties of aluminium alloys make them perfect for increasing fuel or power efficiency in vehicles without compromising structural strengths.

Aluminium die castings are also utilised in the electronics and telecommunication industries for components such as heat sinks and enclosures for the cooling of electronic devices. Aluminium die castings are also vital for use in the aerospace industry, where reduction of weight is crucial without significant loss of strength.

Why Choose Aluminium Die Cast Material?

One of the most important factors that makes aluminium die-cast material preferable to other metals is the excellent weight-to-strength ratio. It also offers superior heat dissipation, corrosion resistance and electrical conductivity and hence can be used for a wide array of applications. Aluminium alloys are also readily machinable.

In terms of process, aluminium die casting can produce complex components to narrow tolerances on a long term repeatable basis and is often introduced to replace other less qualitatively satisfactory processes (e.g. fabrication) or machining from a solid block of material, yielding huge cost savings.    

Cast aluminium alloys are also totally recyclable. Aluminium castings and all process-extraneous materials can be repurposed to minimise carbon and environmental footprints.

Why Choose Hallam for Aluminium Die Casting?

The right partner for the of aluminium die cast components and products should have extensive experience in this complex manufacturing field where potential production benefits for the OEM are substantial. Whatever the production requirement it is likely that Hallam, founded in 1968, will have experience of manufacturing a similar cast aluminium alloy component or product, including machining, finishing, assembly or component sourcing requirements.  Where new research is required Hallam’s links to the University of Sheffield Advance Manufacturing Research Centre (AMRC), an innovation  “Catapult”  centre, can be brought to bear.

 

Conclusion

Aluminium die casting is an indispensable process in today’s manufacturing world, generating high-quality, long-lasting components and products for a wide range of industrial sectors. Lightweight yet strong, die-cast aluminium remains state-of-the art in a wide range of industries, including automotive, electronics, aerospace and medicine. If you need high quality aluminium die-cast components, assemblies or finished products, Hallam would be delighted to help develop your product or re-source your production requirements. Hallam’s commitment to innovation, sustainability, and customer satisfaction through an optimised value proposition sets us apart in the field of aluminium casting.

Please contact Hallam on 01405 813006 option 1 or 07983315292 (Rob Pickersgill, Director), or via our website Realchat facility, to discuss your requirements.

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Hallam preparing register of mechanical properties for casting alloys

Hallam is preparing an easy-reference technical journal for customers setting out “benchmark” mechanical properties for pressure, sand and gravity castings based on current test results for a variety of castings and aluminium and zinc alloys.

Quality and Health and Safety Manager Jonathan Richardson set out the background to the initiative:-

“The idea actually came from one of our customers, via their Quality Manager, who was helping to prepare a tender document for a contract with a USA-based customer of their own. The QM commented that public domain information was fairly sparse and asked if we had anything more comprehensive. We realised that we could generate this from in-house testing results, so we have embarked on this as a project. We are exploring the possibility of working with Brunel University in preparing an authoritative document and in the meantime putting together our own information from test results.”

Technical Director Greg Hallam commented:-

“This is a really interesting idea. We can set our own test values against published information from ALFED and NADCA for example and continue to experiment to find ways of enhancing mechanical property values. This information is also relevant to related areas such as mould tool longevity, where fatigue strength values have an important effect.”  

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Rebuilding UK Manufacturing: Addressing Investment Gaps and Driving Productivity Through Policy Reform

As a member of MAKE UK’s National Economic Policy Committee (ECPOL) Hallam has been invited to comment on the Governments October 2024 Industrial Strategy green paper “Invest 2035: The UK’s Modern Industrial Strategy” as part of MAKE’s formal response on behalf of the manufacturing sector. ECPOL is meeting Department of Business and Trade officials in London on 9th January to discuss the green paper proposals.

Hallam MD Rob Pickersgill comments:
“The 2022 Cambridge University Innovation report echoes the contention in other authoritative papers that high productivity sectors like manufacturing should be funded and expanded in order to achieve “spillover” improvement to productivity in the rest of the economy. This has not happened in the past: the Cambridge report states that
“Between 1998 and 2019, the manufacturing sector had one of the highest productivity growth rates in the UK economy, but it was also the sector whose share in the economy decreased the most (from 16.1% to 9.7%) during this period.”

This is mainly because manufacturers have been starved of external investment funds. A Canon Institute paper refers to collateral (security) in bank lending criteria as overriding; lending to manufacturers, although a high productivity sector, is simply less attractive than lending to collateral-rich sectors like landholding and real estate.
The Government must recognize and redress this failure of the funding marketplace. Contraction of the manufacturing sector has led to the loss of spillover benefits for the whole economy. In terms of sector support, the Cast Metals Federation correctly stipulates that:

“There should be particular emphasis in the industrial strategy on subsectors that support multiple supply chains with the same capability, in the way the castings sector supplies defence, clean energy, advanced manufacturing, and digital sectors.”

I don’t hold out much hope for this: I think we will find support only for the “glamour” high profile sectors, reflecting so-called “moonshot” thinking, but ECPOL will do its best to try and persuade the Government to adopt a more imaginative approach to its growth mission.”

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Hallam Achieves Bronze Medal in First EcoVadis Assessment

After registering with EcoVadis earlier in the year and following a rigorous assessment process Hallam has been awarded the EcoVadis bronze medal, a prestigious recognition that reflects the quality of a Company’s sustainability principles and systems. The assessment covers four themes – Environment, Labour and Human Rights, Ethics, and Sustainable Procurement.

The assessment places Hallam in the top 35% of companies globally, on a par with leading businesses across all industries.

Quality and Health and Safety Manager Jonathan Richardson comments…

“The Bronze Medal is a testament to the extremely high standards Hallam upholds in its daily operations. We are continually focused on improving our environmental practices and ethical conduct to build a better, more sustainable future. The EcoVadis bronze medal encourages us to keep pushing forward, with the ambition of achieving even higher levels of sustainability and striving for Silver, Gold and eventually Platinum status in the coming years.”

EcoVadis is a purpose-driven company whose mission is to provide the world’s most trusted business sustainability ratings. Businesses of all sizes across 200 industry categories and 175 countries rely on EcoVadis’ expert intelligence and evidence-based ratings to monitor and improve the sustainability performance of their business and trading partners. Industry leaders such as Johnson & Johnson, L’Oréal, Unilever, Bridgestone, BASF and JPMorgan are among the 100,000 businesses that collaborate with EcoVadis to drive adoption of and commitment to sustainability principles.

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Hallam’s Expertise in Product Design: From Concept to High Fidelity Prototypes

Hallam MD Rob Pickersgill has been reflecting on the development of Hallam’s product design and prototyping activities over the past 10 years. “In retrospect it’s clear that we have made significant progress technically and really can now offer our customers a handheld journey from concept to product launch and volume manufacture. We can even help with grant applications for support for the development of the product, although these days grants are more difficult to find. The design support we offer is not confined to high pressure castings, as we make so many assemblies now. We’ve gained a lot of experience at designing and sourcing other components for our OEM customers, from extrusions in a wide range of materials, to injection moulded plastics, LEDs and circuit boards and other electronic components.”

Hallam has also invested in modern equipment to support the design support process. “We have sophisticated CAD (design), simulation and CAM (transfer to CNC code) software these days plus 3D printing systems and forming machines for the mock ups and we work with a network of specialist ancillary companies for the bits we can’t do in-house. I also confess that I find discussing sales prospects for new products with our customers’ marketing people particularly fascinating. Design discussions with them focus on attaining excellence for the product of course and also process cost minimisation as markets are invariably price sensitive.”

Rob can be contacted directly on 07983315292.

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Hallam Installs Energy-Efficient Melt Furnaces to Enhance Casting Operations

Hallam is installing two new volume melt furnaces for its high pressure casting foundry. The gas-fired units are highly energy efficient and will facilitate Hallam’s work with customers in developing bespoke aluminium and zinc alloys with tailored or enhanced mechanical properties for specific applications.

Operations manager Colin Woodruff commented; “The new furnaces will finally eliminate the need to melt ingot in smaller localised furnaces, which we still have a few of, and replace these with a comprehensive centralised melt facility. This is a key element of our energy use reduction programme and has many other operational and environmental benefits. It is an exciting development.”

Grant for this project was obtained with the support of the Business Growth Unit, City of Doncaster Council.

Please contact Hallam on 01405 813006 for further details.

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Hallam registers with EcoVadis

Hallam has registered with sustainability assessor EcoVadis, the world’s largest sustainability ratings provider. A sustainability rating is a systematic review of a company’s management of economic, environmental, and social performance.

The EcoVadis score (0-100) reflects the quality of a company’s sustainability management system at the time of the assessment. The rating methodology aims to measure the quality of a company’s sustainability management system through 3 management pillars: Policies, Actions, and Results.

EcoVadis employs strict and well-developed scoring guidelines applied to each assessment by expert analysts. The score allows companies to benchmark against their industry peers, but it also helps position the company’s overall sustainability performance in absolute terms.

Hallam’s first assessment is scheduled for September 2024.

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Hallam Team Explores Cutting-Edge Manufacturing Technologies at MACH 2024

Operations Manager, Colin Woodruff, and IT and Automation Engineer, Kyle Walker, visited this year’s MACH Exhibition at the NEC to look at the latest advances in manufacturing process technologies.

Of particular interest were Computerised Tomography (CT) scanners allowing non-destructive analysis of the structure of manufactured components without the overhead of traditional X-ray testing procedures. Colin and Kyle also evaluated Image Dimension Measuring (IDM) systems offering a speedier alternative to probe-based Co-ordinate Measuring Machines (CMMs) for critical dimension checks and Statistical Process Control (SPC) together with the latest developments in robotisation technologies.

Colin comments “The availability of CT scanners for manufacturing is an important development in meeting requirements for automotive, aerospace and medical sector customers. Suppliers are also willing to provide CT equipment on a servitisation basis, alleviating any capital financing pressures. IDM systems represent the next level for SPC and may replace CMM systems entirely in due course.”

CT scanners provide high resolution layered x-ray images and are in everyday use in the Healthcare sector.

The Hallam technical sales office can be contacted on 01405 813006 option 1, anytime.

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Hallam Castings Joins Doncaster’s Energy Crisis Roundtable

Hallam MD Rob Pickersgill attended a Doncaster City Council Roundtable event on sustainable energy in manufacturing with presentations by Fhaheen Khan, Chief Economist at MAKE UK and Dr Pam Murrell, CEO of the UK Cast Metals Federation. Attendees included Ed Miliband MP, Shadow Secretary of State for Climate Change and Net Zero; Ros Jones, Mayor of Doncaster City Council and Don Valley MP Nick Fletcher. The event was hosted at the Ardagh Glass Group’s Doncaster complex.

Rob Comments “The discussions covered a wide range of issues highly relevant to the UK energy cost crisis including sustainable technology use and market pricing issues, the latter being extremely complex and another disastrous legacy of privatization. Long term contract prices for manufacturers include high risk premiums and inflated non-commodity costs, are the highest in Europe and 4 or 5 times higher than the prices that UK manufacturers’ competitors in China and even the USA are currently paying. The Government-commissioned REMA report (Review of Electricity Market Arrangements) doesn’t provide a solution to the pricing anomalies in the market, being focused on creating flexibility to accommodate sustainable power rather than alleviating domestic and industrial customer pain.”

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Hallam Delivers Superior Powder Coating with Interpon Redox Plus Technology

However you travel, you’re never far away from a Hallam powder coated product!

Hallam’s powder coating process now uses Interpon Redox Plus as a powder primer protective barrier designed to give enhanced corrosion protection of mild steel, galvanized steel, zinc and aluminium.

Colin Woodruff, Operations Manager at Hallam, comments:-

“As well as exceptional UV resistance we can now offer market leading exterior environment resilience in products subject to severe weathering or heavy salt spray exposure. Redox Plus is a pure epoxy primer showing a high cross-linking degree reinforced with barrier effect agents to provide the best barrier protection. Redox Plus is over-coated with an Interpon powder and Hallam’s powder coated products benefit from a wide curing range, excellent retention of mechanical properties, outstanding edge coverage, good anti-gassing and good over coating as a result of using the Interpon system.”

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